试题库在线考试题库-历年真题模拟试题及答案-考博英语在线试题测试中心-希赛网

浙江工商大学

Directions: In this part, you are to write a composition with Mistakes are an essential part of education. Your composition should contain the three key points given below with a length over 200 words. Please remember to write clearly.1. give your viewpoint on the statement2. support your viewpoint with one or more examples3. bring what you have discussed to a natural conclusion

假如预期实际油价的上涨幅度将超过替代资产的回报率，生产者会把石油留在地下不开采。因此决定当前价格的，是预期的未来价格。最重要的推动因素是新兴国家（尤其是中国）需求的预期增长情况，以及对替代能源供应的担忧。中国经济的迅速增长及其资源高度密集型的增长方式，是最重要的因素。

The big advantages of the spread of prosperity include a wider distribution of innovation and bigger opportunities for profitable exchange. The rise of the US brought such benefits to the UK. Also valuable (though not certain) is greater political stability in previously impoverished countries. The big disadvantage is greater competition for scarce resources. Power is a scarce resource: if country A has more, country B has less. Resources are also limited.

Analysts have repeatedly predicted that the “internet of things”, which adds sensors and internet capability to everyday physical objects, could transform the lives of individuals as dramatically as the spread of the mobile internet. Providers have focused on the home, touting products such as coffee pots that turn on when the alarm clock rings, lighting and blinds that adjust to the time of day, and fridges that send an alert when the milk runs out. But so far consumers have been largely resistant to making their homes “smart”. That’s not for want of trying by tech firms, which have poured cash into their efforts to connect everyday objects to the Internet.

Dieting, according to an old joke, may not actually make you live longer, but it sure feels that way. Nevertheless, evidence has been accumulating since the 1930s that calorie restriction—reducing an animal’s energy intake below its energy expenditure—extends lifespan and delays the start of age—related diseases in rats, dogs, fish and monkeys. Such results have inspired thousands of people to put up with constant hunger in the hope of living longer, healthier lives. They have also led to a search for drugs that mimic the effects of calorie restriction without the pain of going on an actual diet. Amid the trend, it is easy to forget that no one has until now shown that calorie restriction works in humans. That omission, however, changed this month, with the publication of the initial results of the first systematic investigation into the matter. This study took 48 men and women and assigned them randomly to either a control group or a calorie—restriction regime. Those in the second group were required to cut their calorie intake for six months to 75% of that needed to maintain their weight. The study is a landmark in the history of the field, because its subjects were either of normal weight or only slightly overweight. Previous projects have used individuals who were clinically fat, thus confusing the unquestionable benefits to health of reducing fatness with the possible advantages of calorie restriction to the otherwise healthy. At a molecular level, it suggests these advantages are real. Those on restricted diets showed drops in body temperature and blood—insulin levels—both phenomena that have been seen in long—lived, calorie—restricted animals. They also suffered less damage to their DNA. Eric Ravussin, of Louisiana State University, says that such results provide support for the theory that calorie restriction produces a metabolic adaptation over and above that which would be expected from weight loss alone. Nevertheless, such metabolic adaptation could be the reason why calorie restriction is associated with longer lifespan in other animals—and that is certainly the hope of those who, for the past 15 years, have been searching for ways of triggering that metabolic adaptation by means other than semi-starvation. The search for a drug that will delay old age is itself as old as the hills—as is the wishful thinking of the suckers who finance such efforts. Those who hope to find it by mimicking the effect of calorie restriction are not, however, complete snake-oil salesmen, for there is known to be a family of enzymes, which act both as sensors of nutrient availability and as regulators of metabolic rate. These might provide the necessary biochemical link between starving and living longer.1. We learn from the first two paragraphs that （）.2. The word “landmark” (Line 1, Paragraph 3) probably means（）.3. The results of previous research on the effects of calorie restriction are unconvincing because （）.4. It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that people（） . 5. People might take enzymes as a substitute for calorie restriction in that （）.

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