试题库在线考试题库-历年真题模拟试题及答案-考博英语在线试题测试中心-希赛网

天津师范大学

For this section, you are going to write an essay of at least 150 words based on the following statement. Self-confidence is the feeling that you trust, believe in and are sure about your own abilities or good qualities. It is the quality necessary for the achievement of goals in our life. But lack of self-confidence is quite common among college students.You’re required to write an essay on the topic “The Way to Build Up Self-Confidence”.

Read the following text carefully and then translate it into Chinese.The United Kingdom has an extraordinarily rich and diverse artistic heritage, with British poets, playwrights, musicians, sculptors, painters and filmmakers enjoyed and admired all over the world.The United Kingdom’s contributions to the visual arts are immense and then there are many traces to be found around the country, from striking architecture to paintings, ceramics and sculptures which can be easily found in our many art galleries and museums.The performing arts are thriving as well. Music, theatre, filmmaking, dance and opera are all performed enthusiastically in theatres, concert halls and studios all over the country every night of the year.The richness of our cultural life is largely down to our diverse history, for many hundreds of years different races and cultures have had an influence on the United Kingdom and have consequently played a role in creating the society we live in today.

The translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his source languages, full facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual（1）and a knowledge and understanding of the latest subject-matter in his field of specialization.This is, as it were, his professional equipment, （2）this, it is desirable that he should have an inquiring mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work（3）his own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to consult other（4）his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding（5）with printing techniques and proof-reading. If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to（6）rapidly from one source language to another, as well as from one subject-matter to another, since this ability is frequently（7）of him in such work.Bearing in mind the nature of the translator’s work, i.e, the processing of the written word, it is, strictly speaking（8）that he should be able to speak the language he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an advantage（9）a hindrance, but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can（10）with. It is, however, desirable that he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source languages even if this is restricted to knowing how proper names and place names are pronounced.

Crippling health care bills, long emergency-room waits and the inability to find a primary care physician just scratch the surface of the problems that patients face daily.Primary care should be the backbone of any health care system. Countries with appropriate primary care resources score highly when it comes to health outcomes and cost. The U.S. takes the opposite approach by emphasizing the specialist rather than the primary care physician.A recent study analyzed the providers who treat Medicare beneficiaries. The startling finding was that the average Medicare patient saw a total of seven doctors ---two primary care physicians and five specialists---in a given year. Contrary to popular belief, the more physicians taking care of you don’t guarantee better care. Actually, increasing fragmentation of care results in a corresponding rise in cost and medical errors.How did we let primary care slip so far? The key is how doctors are paid. Most physicians are paid whenever they perform a medical service. The more a physician does. Regardless of quality or outcome, the better he’s reimbursed. Moreover, the amount a physician receives leans heavily toward medical or surgical procedures. A specialists who performs a procedure in a 30-minute visit can be paid three times more than a primary care physician using that same 30 minutes to discuss a patient’s disease. Combine this fact with annual government threats to indiscriminately cut reimbursements，physicians are faces with no choice but to increase quantity to boost income.Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are either driven out of business or to cash-only practices, further contributing to the decline of primary care.Medical students are not blind to this scenario. They see how heavily the reimbursement deck is stacked against primary care. The recent numbers show that since 1997, newly graduated U.S medical students who choose primary care as a career have declined by 50%. This trend results in emergency rooms being overwhelmed with patients without regular doctors.How do we fix this problem?It starts with reforming the physician reimbursement system. Remove the pressure for primary care physicians to squeeze in more patients per hour, and reward them for optimally managing their diseases and practicing evidence-based medicine. Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgiving student loans for those who choose primary care as a career and reconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary care physician salaries.We’re at a point where primary care is needed more than ever. Within a few years, the first wave of the 76 million Baby Boomers will become eligible for Medicare. Patients older than 85, who need chronic care most, will rise by 50% this decade.Who will be there to treat them?1.The author’s chief concern about the current U.S health care system is（）. 2.We learn from the passage that people tend to believe that（）.3.Faced with the government threats to cut reimbursements indiscriminately primary care physicians have to （）. 4.Why do many new medical graduates refuse to choose primary care as their career?5.What suggestion does the author give in order to provide better health care?

There is nothing like the suggestion of a cancer risk to scare a parent, especially one of the over-educated, eco-conscious types. So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation of air quality around the canon’s schools singled out those in the smugly green village of Berkeley, Calif, as being among the worst in the country. The city’s public high school, as well as a number of daycare center, preschools, elementary and middle schools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town had supposedly turned students into living science experiment breathing in a laboratory’s worth of heavy metals like manganese, chromium and nickel each day. This is in a city that requires school cafeterias to serve organic meals. Great, I thought, organic lunch, toxic campus.Since December, when the report came out, the mayor, neighborhood activists and various parent-teacher associations have engaged in a fierce battle over its validity, over the guilt of the steed-casting factory on the western edge of town, over union jobs versus children’s health and over what, if anything, ought to be done. With all sides presenting their own experts armed with conflicting scientific studies, whom should parents believe? Is there truly a threat here? We asks one another as we dropped off our kids, and if so, how great it is? And how does it compare with the other, seemingly perpetual health scares we confront, like panic over lead in synthetic athletic fields? Rather than just another weird episode in the town that brought you protesting environmentalists, this latest drama is a trial for how today’s parents perceive risk, how we try to keep our kids safe---whether it’s possible to keep them safe---in what feels like an increasingly threatening world. It raises the question of what, in our time, “safe” could even mean.“There’s no way around the uncertainty”，says Kimberly Thompson, president of Kid Risk, a nonprofit group that studies children’s health. “That means your choices can matter, but it also means you aren’t going to know if they do.” A 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics explained that nervous parents have more to fear from fire, car accidents and drowning than from toxic chemical exposure. To which I say: Well, obviously. But such concrete hazards are beside the point. It's the dangers parents can’t---and may never-quantify that occur all of sudden. That’s why I’ve rid my cupboard of microwave food packed in bags coated with a potential cancer-causing substance, but although I’ve lived blocks from a major fault line for more than 12 years, I still haven’t bolted our bookcases to the living room wall.1.What does a recent investigation by USA Today reveal?2.What response did UAS Today’s report draw?3.How did parents feel in the face of the experts' studies?4.What is the view of the 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics'?5.Of the dangers in everyday life, the author thinks that people have most to fear from（）.

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