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西南大学

Translate the following passage into English 由小学到中学，所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识。就是大学四年，所授课业也还是相当粗浅的学识。世人常称大学为“最高学府”，这名称容易滋生误解，好像过此以上即无学问可言。大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在，在这里做学问也只算是粗涉藩篱，注重的是研究学问的方法与实习。学无止境，一生的时间都嫌太短，所以古人皓首穷经，头发白了还在继续研究，不过在这样的研究中确有浓厚的趣味。

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Translate the following passage into ChineseShe could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees that were aquiver with the new spring life. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. In the street below a peddler was crying his wares. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached faintly, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves.There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that has met and piled one above the other in the west facing her window. She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair, quite motionless, except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her, as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.

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The scientific method is the systematic pursuit of knowledge involving the identification of a problem, the collection of relevant data through observation and experimentation, and the formulation and testing of hypotheses that aim to solve the problem. Ever since the scientific method became a way of learning about nature, including ourselves, some people have hailed science as the only way to comprehend natural phenomena, while others have questioned whether it is an appropriate road to knowledge. As science and technology have grown, the questioning has deepened and expanded.This is not to say that so-called scientific evidence is not a good way to vouchsafe truth. Scientists’ testimonies are used to endorse everything from toothpaste to nuclear power; however, they are also used to challenge the very same things. And this is where it gets tricky: “Scientific” support can now be elicited on all sides of every question, so that the public is constantly forced to decide which scientists to believe.Where then is the vaunted objectivity of science? People are realizing that they must either develop criteria on which to make these decisions (and to do so for each important issue) or decide to disbelieve all scientific explanations and look for other ways of knowing. Incidentally, these other ways are sometimes no less empirical than the scientific ones. The decision to disbelieve all scientific explanations is not to be sneered at. The volume, contradictoriness, and limited comprehensibility of much scientific information leave most people bewildered.I am reminded of the comment Virginia Woolf attributes to the time-traveling character in her novel Orlando, who mused as she enters an elevator at Marshall and Snelgrove’s department store in London in 1928: “The very fabric of life now... is magic. In the eighteenth century, we knew how everything was done; but here I rise through the air; I listen to voices in America; I see men flying - but how it’s done, I can’t ever begin to wonder. So my belief in magic returns.”Not only the general public is ill at ease. Uneasy questions are being asked by scientists themselves. As one noted scientists has argued: The scientific community had lead a particularly unexamined life for a surprisingly long time, and may have accepted its unusual and, until recently, unquestioned status a little too easily. Indeed, in the last 25 years, in an effort to raise financial support at a rate nearly triple that of the rest of society, the scientific community may have promised too much too soon. Certainly it underestimated the demand for accountability.” And his scientist goes on: "In all humility, it must... be admitted that it is impossible to categorically deny that we may have reached a point where we must abandon the faith that [in all cases] knowledge is better than ignorance. We simply lack the ability to make accurate predictions.1.In lines 4-6 (“some people, knowledge”), the author does which of the following?2.The examples in lines 9-10 ('"toothpaste...power9) are given to （）.3.Lines 16-18 (“The decision... bewildered”) serve primarily to （）. 4.In the last sentence, the word “simply” most nearly means （）. 5.The primary purpose of this passage as a whole is to（）.

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