Energy drinks—we hear all the time that they’re really bad for us, especially for teens. We all drink them anyway. So energy drinks really that bad. First, let’s rewind back to 1997. When Red Bull became the first energy drink to reach the market in the US. Since then, energy drinks like Red Bull have sky-rocketed in popularity. But things started getting intense in 2011. When the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended that children should never drink energy drinks. The reason why they were so worried—caffeine. The caffeine is in a ton of things like coffee, tea, soda, and even chocolate. And the dangers of caffeine really boiled down to how much you have. A cup of coffee usually has between 90 five to, 200 milligrams of caffeine. So, for adults, the experts recommend no more than 400 milligrams a day, and for kids, no more than 100 milligrams. So a little bit of caffeine, probably not that bad, but high doses can be lethal. In 2011, a paper published in the journal pediatrics reviewed the effects of energy drinks on children, adolescence, and young adults. The research has found that age affects the body’s response to caffeine and energy drinks could be especially risky for kids with heart problems. ADHB or diabetes. Given these concerns, it may come as no surprise that some places have pushed for completely banning the sales of energy drinks to anyone under the age of 18. As far as we can tell, that hasn’t passed locally here in the us but in 2014, Lithuania became the first country to actually ban the sale of energy drinks to anyone under the age of 18.
But not everyone is a fan of these ideas. Some think these restrictions are unfair. If you aren’t worried about selling coffee or tea to kids, why single out energy drinks? So the American beverage association, the trade group representing many of these energy drinks, came up with another idea—voluntary guidelines for labeling energy drinks.
26. When did energy drink first appear in the American market?
【试题答案】B
【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：功能饮料第一次出现在美国市场是什么时候？由文中“First, let’s rewind back to 1997. When Red Bull became the first energy drink to reach the market in the US.（首先让我们回到1997年。当‘红牛’成为第一款功能饮料投入美国市场）”，可知B选项“1997”符合原文。A选项“1996”；C选项“2011”；D选项“2014”不符合原文。
27. When it comes to caffeine, what seems to be the issue?
【试题答案】C
【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为：说到咖啡因，问题出在哪里？由文中“The reason why they were so worried—caffeine. The caffeine is in a ton of things like coffee, tea, soda, and even chocolate.（他们如此担心的原因是咖啡因。咖啡因出现在很多东西，比如咖啡、茶、苏打甚至是巧克力里面）”以及“the dangers of caffeine really boiled down to how much you have.（咖啡因的危险其实在于我们摄入多少）”，可知C选项“The amount of caffeine.（咖啡因的量）”符合原文。A选项“对健康有好处”；B选项“在软饮料中使用不当”；D选项“能量饮料的消耗”不符合原文。
28. Which of the following findings is reported in the journal pediatrics?
【试题答案】A
【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：以下哪项发现被刊登在《儿科学》杂志上？由文中“The research has found that age affects the body’s response to caffeine and energy drinks could be especially risky for kids with heart problems. ADHB or diabetes.（研究发现，年龄影响身体对于咖啡因的反应，功能饮料对于孩子特别危险，可能导致心脏病，ADHB和糖尿病）”，可知A选项“Age affects the body’s response to caffeine（年龄影响身体对于咖啡因的反应）”符合原文。B选项“其他成分也使能量饮料不安全”；C选项“饮料中的咖啡因大大提高了表现”D选项“能量饮料对有心脏问题的人有风险”不符合原文。
29. Why do some disagree with the restrictions on the energy drinks to kids?
【试题答案】B
【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为：为什么有些人不同意对儿童能量饮料进行限制？由文中“Some think these restrictions are unfair. If you aren’t worried about selling coffee or tea to kids, why single out energy drinks?（一些人认为这些限制是不合理的。如果你不担心向儿童出售咖啡和茶饮料，为什么独独对功能饮料不排斥呢？）”，可知B选项“Because they are not judged as fairly as coffee or tea.（因为他们不能将功能饮料与茶和咖啡相提并论）”符合原文。A选项“因为它们没有得到充分的调查”；C选项“因为它们对孩子是有益的而不是有害的”；D选项“因为它们不是孩子的主要咖啡因来源”不符合原文。
30. Which of the following can best describe the labeling guidelines from the American beverage association?
【试题答案】C
【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为：以下哪一项能最好地描述美国饮料协会的标签指南？由文中“So the American beverage association, the trade group representing many of these energy drinks, came up with another idea—voluntary guidelines for labeling energy drinks.（因此，美国饮料协会—代表功能饮料大多数企业的贸易组织产生了另一个想法—对于功能饮料标签自发制定指导标准）”，可知美国饮料协会制定的标签标准是C选项“voluntary（自发的）”符合原文。A选项“严格的”；B选项“正式的”；D选项“强迫的”不符合原文。